Gravitation

This stage, will be concentrated on the scientific potential and the technical possibilities of a distributed network on the lunar surface, in order to a) detect Gravitational Waves (GW) b) perform a detailed seismological study of the moon, including the precise determination of its inner structure, c) eventually detect acoustically High Energy Cosmic rays impacting on the moon surface.
LISA is space-based gravitational wave (GW) observatory which is planned for launch in 2034. It consists of three satellites in the free fall in heliocentric orbit forming equilateral triangle. Satellites exchange the laser light forming transponding interferometry allowing to detect GWs in the mHz band.  One of the prime (and strongest) sources in the LISA data are the  merging massive black hole binaries.
Detecting and characterizing those binaries should enable us to infer the channel of their formation and

LIGO and VIRGO scientific collaboration has published the first catalogue of black hole binaries
detected during the first and second observational runs. In total 10 systems systems were reported
as high confidence events. During the third observing run, the numbers of detected binaries is already
above 40 and growing.

Those or similar systems should be also observed with the future space-based gravitational wave (GW)
observatory LISA. However while the ground-based detectors see the signal only less than a second