Théorie

Lattice simulations of inflation

Developing non-perturbative methods might be crucial for understanding inflation and its predictions. In this talk, I will present a nonlinear study of the inflationary epoch of the Universe based on numerical lattice simulations. I will first focus on a model known as axion inflation, where the inflaton is coupled to a gauge field via Chern-Simons interaction. As a second example, I will consider a single-field model with a resonant feature in the potential. I will show that, in both cases, nonlinear effects have important consequences for the inflationary dynamics.

Black holes with primary hair

We will construct and analyse explicit solutions in scalar tensor theories parametrised by two independent charges : their ADM mass and an additional primary hair associated to the minimally coupled scalar field. A special relation between the two will render the solutions regular everywhere and at the origin in particular.

Mapping the landscape of gravity theories

Both Einstein's equations and the field equations of a modified theory of gravity can be derived as equations of state from purely thermodynamical considerations, leading to the identification of GR with an equilibrium state of gravity and modified gravity with a non-equilibrium one. This breakthrough made the relationship between gravity and thermodynamics even more intriguing. I will present a new approach to the thermodynamics of modified gravity which is inspired by these results, but follows a starkly different path.

High-Energy Neutrinos: A New Trail Towards New Physics

The observation of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory has opened up a new window to the universe. These neutrinos traverse the longest distances from their sources and have the largest energy ever observed. These neutrinos open a new trail to search for new physics that covers parameter space not accessible to terrestrial neutrino experiments.

Analysing arrival directions of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays with convolutional neural networks

The problem of identification of ultra-high-energy cosmic ray (UHECR) sources is greatly complicated by the fact that even the highest energy cosmic rays may be deflected by tens of degrees in the galactic magnetic fields. We show that arrival directions of UHECRs from several nearest active galaxies form specific patterns in the sky, which can be effectively recognized by convolutional neural networks.

Cosmological Phonon Collider

The expansion of the universe spontaneously breaks time translation by selecting a preferred reference frame. As a consequence, very much like a superfluid at zero temperature, the low-energy description of single field inflation can be organised in terms of the associated Goldstone mode of the broken symmetry (aka the phonon). Similar to particle colliders, if we were to scatter sound waves, the presence of additional heavy fields coupled to the medium would manifest as distinct peaks in the cross-section of the phonons.

High-Energy Multimesssenger Emission from Supermassive Black Holes

Supermassive black holes power accretion flows and outflows, and resulting radiation is observed at different wavelengths. A significant energy fraction of these flows may be carried by cosmic rays and associated high-energy non-thermal radiations. Recently, associations of high-energy neutrinos with galaxies hosting supermassive black holes, active galactic nuclei and tidal disruption events, have been reported. We review the implications of the multimessenger data for theoretical models and discuss their challenges.

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