Cosmologie

Exploitation of the scientific potential of the CMB polarization observations from the ground.

Context. One of the main questions of modern cosmology and physics concerns the origin of the Universe as we know it today. Thanks to the tremendous progress made in the last decade, in big part driven by the Europe-led satellite mission Planck, the stage has been set to start addressing this question for the first time in a meaningful way. Our most promising observational probe in this context is cosmic microwave background (CMB) - the primordial light generated in the very early Universe - and in particular observations of its polarization properties.

Dilution refrigerator without circulating fluid

The study of the cold Universe allows us to go back to the origins of our solar system with the observation of star embryos and the origins of the Universe with the measurement of the polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background. The astronomical instruments in the sub-millimetre and millimetre domains require the use of superconducting detectors cooled down to 100mK. This makes these experiments particularly complex to implement, especially at the system level. A simplification of cryogenic systems would be a major asset for future instruments.

Dilution refrigerator without circulating fluid

The study of the cold Universe allows us to go back to the origins of our solar system with the observation of star embryos and the origins of the Universe with the measurement of the polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background. The astronomical instruments in the sub-millimetre and millimetre domains require the use of superconducting detectors cooled down to 100mK. This makes these experiments particularly complex to implement, especially at the system level. A simplification of cryogenic systems would be a major asset for future instruments.

Deblending galaxies for Vera Rubin Observatory LSST & Euclid weak lensing studies

During the last decade, cosmology has entered a precision era, leading to the prevalence of the standard cosmological model, ΛCDM. Nevertheless, the main ingredient of this model, dark energy, remains mysterious while dominating the energy budget of the Universe. Its comprehension is the current Graal of this domain. The next generation of cosmological surveys, among which Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) of the Vera Rubin Observatory (on the ground) & Euclid (in space), both starting in 2022, are in that regard the most important projects for the next 10 years. 

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